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3440-0241 Rev G19

SMOKE DETECTOR PLACEMENT

(Reprinted from NFPA-72 1993)

B-2 Smoke Detection.

B-2.1 Where to Locate the Required Smoke Detectors

B-2.1.1

The major threat from fire in a family living unit is at

night when everyone is asleep. The principal threat to

persons in sleeping areas comes from fires in the

remainder of the unit; therefore, smoke detector(s) are best

located between the bedroom areas and the rest of the unit.

In units with only one bedroom area on one floor, the

smoke detector should be located as shown in

Figure B-2.1.1.

Figure B-2.1.1

A smoke detector (indicated by cross) should be

located between the sleeping area and the rest of the family living

unit.

B-2.1.2

In family living units with more than one bedroom

area or with bedrooms on more than one floor, more than

one smoke detector will be needed, as shown in

Figure B-2.1.2

Figure B-2.1.2 In family living units with more than one sleeping

area, a smoke detector (indicated by cross) should be provided to

protect each.

B-2.1.3

In addition to smoke detectors outside of the

sleeping areas, this standard requires the installation of a

smoke detector on each additional story of the family living

unit, including the basement. These installations are shown

in Figure B-2.1.3. The living area smoke detector should be

installed in the living room and/or near the stairway to the

upper level. The basement smoke detector should be

installed in close proximitry to the stairway leading to the

floor above. If installed on an open-joisted ceiling, the

detector should be placed on the bottom of the joists. The

detector should be positioned relative to the stairway so as

to intercept smoke coming from a fire in the basement

before the smoke enters the stairway.

B-2.2 Are More Smoke Detectors Desirable?

The

location of the required smoke detectors does not provide

adequate protection for the occupants from a fire starting

within their bedrooms, nor do the required smoke detectors

provide reliable early warning protection for those areas

separated by a door from the areas protected by the

required smoke detectors. For these reasons, it is

recommended that the householder consider the use of

additional smoke detectors for those areas for increased

protection. The additional areas include: basement,

bedrooms, dinning room, furnace room, utility room, and

hallways not protected by required smoke detectors. The

installation of smoke detectors in kitchens, attics (finished

or unfinished), or in garages is not normally recommended

as these locations occasionally experience conditions

which may result in improper operation.

B-2.3 Smoke Detector Mounting - “Dead” Air Space.

B-2.3.1

The smoke from a fire generally rises to the ceiling,

spreads out across the ceiling surface and begin to bank

down from the ceiling. The corner where the ceiling and

wall meet is an air space into which the smoke may have

difficulty penetrating. In most fires, this “dead” air space

measures about 4 in. (0.1m) along the ceiling from the

corner and about 4 in. (0.1m) down the wall as shown in

Figure B-3.2.1. Detectors should not be placed in this

“dead” air space.

Figure B-2.1.3

A smoke detector (indicated by cross) should be

located on each story.

Figure B-3.2.1

Example of proper mounting for detectors.

FOR GRADE A LOCAL MERCANTILE INSTALLATIONS

BEDROOM

LIVING ROOM

DINING KITCHEN

ROOM

D R

L R

K B R

B R

BED

ROOM

Bedroom

Hall

Bedroom

Living

Room

Dining

Room

Basemen

(

0.1

)

4 in. min.

(0.1 m)

12 in. max.

(0.3 m)

Top of

detector

tbl

Never

here

Acce

table

Ceiling

Side

wall

ΝΟΤΕ:

Measurements shown are to

the

closest edge of the detector

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